Thats [sic]

As I’ve mentioned before, when you are quoting material, it has to be an exact quotation. So what happens when the author of that exact quotation has made an error? That’s where our Latin friend sic comes in. The word sic means “thus” or “in such a manner.” It means that the writer knows that the quoted material is wrong, but it is the original author’s mistake, not the current writer’s mistake. Just be careful about using sic where the word or phrase you think is wrong may just be an archaic spelling or usage–but not necessarily grammatically incorrect.SIC

According to Bryan A. Garner in A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage ((2nd edition). Oxford University Press US, 2001), in state-court opinions before 1944, sic appeared 1,239 times in the Westlaw database; in those from 1945 to 1990, it appeared 69,168 times. I can only imagine that its usage has increased more dramatically still in the last 25 years.

Using sic should not be thrown around carelessly or to attempt to show an air of superiority. Such usage is called “benighted use” and is thought to have accounted for a large part of the increase in the use of sic.

As for formatting, modern American usage and The Gregg Reference Manual have the word sic in italics and surrounded by brackets–[sic]. Some authorities say that it is now such common usage that it is not formatted in italics. The Bluebook shows sic not italicized but enclosed in brackets–[sic]. Since The Bluebook is the standard for legal citation, it would appear that when you use it in legal documents, sic does not need to be italicized. The Bluebook also says that “[sic]” should follow “significant mistakes” in original language, so put “[sic]” right after the word with the issue and not at the end of the sentence or passage. The reader needs to know that you know it is an error at the point it is an error and not lines or words later.

Use [sic] where necessary and when necessary. It does have an important use and is a useful tool in our work, just do not overuse it to prove you’re smarter than anyone else. Nobody likes a showoff!

Grammar Giggles – Breath of Contract

This is from a reader who has a real eagle eye for Grammar Giggles and sends them to me regularly. It is a great example of not relying on spell check (and also a reminder to change the setting in Word to not ignore words in all caps–although that wouldn’t have helped in this case).

Breath of Contract

Grammar Giggle – Keeping Speakers in Perspective, or Is It Prospective?

I came across this on a webpage while I was looking for potential speakers for a conference we’re working on.

Perspective2

Here’s the problem (according to the Gregg Reference Manual):

perspective – means to view in correct proportion

prospective – means anticipated

So I’m thinking what they are really looking for are anticipated speakers, not speakers they will view in the correct proportion (wrong on so many levels). I have emailed them about this error so they can fix it. But using it as a teaching moment, I include it here, leaving off the identifying information. My goal is never to embarrass a person or company who has an error in a public place, but to use it to teach you all what is really correct.

 

 

Grammar Giggle – Boy That’s Hot!

A friend captured this little jewel on our local news last month. With all the weird weather across the country, I thought this was timely. Check out the weather in Safford. Arizona can be hot in the summer, but not usually in December and 128 is our all-time record high. It looks like someone’s typing fingers got a little carried away.

extra warm

And The Oxford Dictionaries 2014 Word of the Year Is . . .

dictionaryI like to check out the new words added to dictionaries each year. So now (drumroll please) the 2014 Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year . . . vape. Vape is an abbreviation of vapour or vaporize and is defined as “to inhale and exhale the vapour produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device.” So because it is not “smoking” because it is just vapor, it is “vaping.” Interesting. What were some of the entries on the shortlist you might ask?

  • bae – “used as a term of endearment for one’s romantic partner.” I have to say were it not for Pharrell Williams, I never would have known this word existed or been able to guess at its meaning. Now that it is in the dictionary, that problem is solved.
  • budtender – “a person whose job is to serve customers in a cannabis dispensary or shop.” My how times have changed. Way back when I think they called them a “dealer.” It must be the new legislation that has made it a more noble profession. Another interesting tidbit is that according to the Online Slang Dictionary, in 2012 the term “potrepreneur” was added to mean someone whose business involved marijuana. So I guess the potrepreneur is the person who OWNS the plant and the budtender is the one who SELLS it.
  • contactless – “relating to or involving technologies that allow a smart card, mobile phone, etc. to contact wirelessly to an electronic reader, typically in order to make a payment.” Sounds suspiciously like Apple Pay or the Mobil Speedpass to me. A Google search for the Mobil Speedpass has as the first entry “Speedpass – Contactless Payment at the Gas Pump.” I love it when I’m right.
  • indyref – “an abbreviation of ‘independence referendum’, in reference to the referendum on Scottish independence, held in Scotland on 18 September 2014, in which voters were asked to answer yes or no to the question ‘Should Scotland be an independent country?’” By the way, the answer was “no.”
  • normcore – “a trend in which ordinary, unfashionable clothing is worn as a deliberate fashion statement.” I can’t wait for that fashion show.
  • slacktivism – “informal actions performed via the Internet in support of a political or social cause but regarded as requiring little time or involvement, e.g. signing an online petition or joining a campaign group on a social media website; a blend of slacker and activism.” I kind of like this one. We could come up with all sorts of combinations with slacker. How about bingeslacking meaning to do absolutely nothing for hours on end when you could be binge-watching or working, slackerselfie meaning pictures you take of yourself in the middle of the day while still in your pajamas, twerkslacker meaning someone who tries to twerk but is just too much of a slacker to make it to the “low, squatting stance.” Thanks to the Oxford Dictionaries 2013 Word of the Year (and the shortlist) for that little grouping.

So there are your new words for 2014. Learn them, use them, and make them yours.

Grammar Giggles – Buses and Misspelled Signs

On a trip to San Francisco this past weekend, I had the opportunity to ride the bus. I love to read the signs on buses because I find a lot of “material” there. I was lucky this time as well. It took me a minute or two because I looked at the sign and finally figured out why it looked weird to me–“disabilities” is misspelled. On the plus side, they are consistent. I rode more than one bus that had the same sign with the same error. Shame on you #SFMTA!